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The Rim Fire was a wildland fire that was started in a remote canyon in Stanislaus National Forest in California. This portion of the central Sierra Nevada spans the Tuolumne and Mariposa counties. The fire started on August 17, 2013, during the 2013 California wildfire season.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://inciweb.nwcg.gov/incident/3660/ )〕 It was the third largest wildfire in California's history, having burned ,〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://usnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/08/31/20274497-californias-fourth-largest-wildfire-fills-yosemite-valley-with-smoke-on-holiday-weekend?lite )〕 It is also the largest wildfire on record in the Sierra Nevada mountain range.〔 The Rim Fire was fully contained on Thursday, October 24, 2013 after a nine-week firefighting battle.〔 More than a year passed before it was declared out on Nov. 4th, 2014. Due to a lack of winter rains, some logs smoldered in the interior portion of the fire throughout the winter. The fire was caused by a hunter's illegal fire that went out of control, and it was named for its proximity to the Rim of the World vista point, a scenic overlook on Highway 120 leading up to Yosemite.〔(Rim of the World Vista - Stanislaus National Forest ) 37.821949, -120.039153〕 A total of eleven residences, three commercial buildings, and 98 outbuildings were destroyed in the fire.〔 A total of 10 injuries were also reported from the wildfire but no firefighters were killed during the suppression efforts.〔 Putting out the fire cost more than $127 million. (2013 USD)〔 ==Overview== The fire erupted on August 17, 2013 at 3:25pm〔(California Department of Forestry )〕 in the Stanislaus National Forest, east of Groveland when a hunter lost control of an illegal campfire. The hunter was not publicly identified until a year later, when two felony and two misdemeanor charges were filed against Keith Matthew Emerald of Columbia, California. The fire had only consumed 40 acres when it was discovered, but it grew to 10,000 acres within 36 hours and 100,000 acres after just four days. In two days, in mid-August, the fire consumed nearly 90,000 acres. The rapid rate of fire spread is attributed to five factors: a record-breaking drought; a heat wave; past fire suppression efforts that altered the normal fire regime; population growth which complicates suppression tactics; and Forest Service budget cuts.〔(【引用サイトリンク】first=Lindsay )〕 It burned into backcountry areas of Yosemite National Park. The park remained open, and though Yosemite Valley was never in danger, the fire did consume 78,895 acres of parkland. Heavy smoke was, at times, a factor. The blaze was difficult to fight because of inaccessible terrain and erratic winds, forcing firefighters to be reactive instead of proactive. More than 5,000 firefighters〔 – including more than 650 inmates who volunteered as part of California's ''Conservation Camp initiative'' – worked to contain the fire, which was described by a Forest Service spokesman as "a real tiger".〔 At one point state officials asked residents to avoid social media, to stop exaggerated claims and rumors from spreading, and debunked a number of circulating stories. Atmospheric instability, hot temperatures and a severe drought fueled the fire, making it difficult to combat. Also contributing to the fire was a pre-1980s policy of suppressing small natural fires, which altered the natural fire regime. The lack of those low intensity surface fires created nearly a century's worth of fuel on the ground, resulting in a massive forest fire that left large swaths of the forest severely burned, including the overstory.〔 Forest officials estimated "that almost 40% of the area inside the fire's boundary is nothing but charred land" - nearly 160 square miles out of the 400 square miles burned. They stated that this extent of destruction was "unprecedented" for historic Sierra Nevada fires. On Thursday, October 24, 2013, the Rim Fire was 100% contained.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rim Fire」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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